“Oral Torah”指犹太教传统中以口传方式流传的律法与解释体系,与书面的《妥拉》(Written Torah,通常指《摩西五经》)相对应。它包括对诫命的阐释、判例、礼仪规范与伦理教导,后来大量内容被整理记录在《密西拿》(Mishnah)、《塔木德》(Talmud)等经典中。
/ˈɔːrəl ˈtɔːrə/
The Oral Torah helps explain how to observe many commandments in daily life.
口传妥拉帮助解释如何在日常生活中遵守许多诫命。
According to rabbinic tradition, the Oral Torah was transmitted across generations before being compiled into the Mishnah and discussed in the Talmud.
按照拉比传统,口传妥拉在被编纂为《密西拿》并在《塔木德》中讨论之前,曾经代代相传。
“Oral”源自拉丁语 ōrālis(与“口、言语”有关),表示“口头的”;“Torah”来自希伯来语 תּוֹרָה(Torah),常译为“教导、律法”。合起来,“Oral Torah”即“以口头传授的妥拉/律法传统”。