sworn 是动词 swear 的过去分词形式,也常用作形容词。作为形容词时,意为"宣誓的、发过誓的",指通过正式宣誓确认的,或形容某种坚定不移的关系或立场(如"sworn enemy"意为"不共戴天的敌人")。
/swɔːrn/
He is a sworn member of the council and takes his duties very seriously.
他是议会的宣誓成员,对自己的职责非常认真。
Though they had once been close friends, a bitter dispute over land turned them into sworn enemies who refused to speak for the rest of their lives.
尽管他们曾经是亲密的朋友,一场关于土地的激烈争端使他们变成了不共戴天的敌人,余生都拒绝与对方说话。
sworn 来自古英语 swerian,意为"发誓、起誓",其过去分词形式为 sworen。该词与古高地德语 swerien 及古诺斯语 sverja 同源,均源自原始日耳曼语 *swarjaną,表示郑重承诺或以神明之名作证。随着时间推移,sworn 逐渐演变为形容词,用来描述经过宣誓确认的身份或关系。