“吃了一惊;感到意外、错愕(以至一时不知如何反应)”。常用于描述突然听到/看到某事后的惊讶与愣住。
/ˌteɪkən əˈbæk/
When she said she was moving abroad, I was taken aback.
当她说要搬到国外时,我吃了一惊。
He was taken aback by the criticism, but he paused, reflected, and answered calmly.
他被这番批评说得有些错愕,但他停下来想了想,还是冷静地作出了回应。
“aback”最早是航海用语,指风把帆吹得“向后倒/反向受风”,船会因此突然受阻或改变状态。后来引申为人的心理状态:像船突然被反风顶住一样,因意外而“愣住、措手不及”。“taken aback”字面是“被(这种状态)抓住”,即“被惊到”。